Kim: The 57 Bus Resources

Primary Documents / News Articles

Search Google for "richard thomas oakland charging documents" to see pages of news articles. Check the name of the defendant in each article as there were multiple people with Richard Thomas as first and middle names also charged during the time period.

Some articles reflect political/ideological bias. See the Allsides Media Bias Chart to see a news organization's political bias.

Justice System / Law

Databases require login credentials for off-campus access. See the Library homepage for information.

Points of View (Explora) database> Crime & Punishment> Youth Sentencing in the Criminal Justice System

SIRS Issues Researcher (Proquest) database> Crime & Punishment> Juvenile Delinquency

California official hate crime definition and information

Black Disparities in Youth Incarceration from the Sentencing Project

Race and Juvenile Justice from the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers. Covers statistics of youth charged as adults too.

Kent v. U.S. 53 Years Later from Campaign for Youth Justice discusses the 1966 key case that set precedent for when a juvenile can be charged as an adult and other relevant cases that came after.

Professional Study: The Evolution of the Juvenile Justice and Probation Practices in California (1994 - 2019) See Tr. Boyer if you are unable to access this document.

Video (11 minutes) Juvenile Justice in California 1890 - 2023 from California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (hear testimonials and see the facilities)

California Courts Guide to Juvenile Justice Court (this is a current guide)